آشنایی با لامپ های UV

لامپهاي فرابنفش UV (Ultraviolet) كه معروف به لامپهاي جرميسيدال مي باشند در عمليات مختلف گندزدايي به كار گرفته مي شوند. حداكثر شدت تابش اين لامپها در سطح آنها قرار دارد و هرچند جذب نور بوسيله هوا اندك است اما غالباً از فاصله حدود 5 سانتي متري به بعد افت زيادي در شدت تابش لامپ ملاحظه مي شود. شدت تابش (I ) Intensity UV سرعتي است كه تحت آن ميكروارگانيسم ها غيرفعال مي شوند، لذا مشخص نمودن شدت در يك سيستم مهم است . دز مورد نياز اشعه براي انجام گندزدايي حاصلضرب شدت و زمان در معرض بودن ميكروب مي باشد، و معمولاً برحسب ميلي وات – ثانيه بر سانتي متر مربع بيان مي شود. تاكنون چندين ماده شيميايي حساس نسبت به نور فرابنفش معرفي شده است .
مهمترين موادي كه تاكنون براي انجام اكتينومتري مناسب اعلام شده اند عبارتند از : فري اكسالات پتاسيم، فروسيانورپتاسيم، نيترات پتاسيم، يدورپتاسيم، موليبدات آمونيم، املاح اورانيم، پارافنيلن دي آمين نيـترات، رنگهاي فوتوترپيك و تعدادي از اسيدهاي آلي و هيدروكربن هاي كلرينه . مي توان گفت در سالهاي اخير معروف ترين مواد شيميايي استفاده شده جهت پرتوسنجي مخلوط يديد -يدات Actinometer UV iodate-Iodide بوده است اين روش بر اساس فوتوليز يون يديد در حضور يون يدات قرار دارد. واكنش شيميايي كلي بصورت زير قابل نمايش است:
8I + IO3 + 3H2O = 3(I3 ) + 6OH + 6H
بدين ترتيب بسته به شدت تابش UVC و مدت پرتوگيري، رنگ زرد آنيون تري يديد آشكار مي شود كه شدت رنگ آن در شرايط ثابت صرفاً به ميزان شدت تابش لامپ UV بستگي دارد و بدين ترتيب مي توان معياري صحيح براي پرتوسنجي بدست آورد.
جهت سنجش دوز مورد نياز پرتوتابي جهت مصارف مورد استفاده پرتوي فرابنفش در حذف آلاينده ها روش يديد -يدات مي تواند دوز مورد نياز براي اكسيداسيون آلاينده ها را مشخص نمايد متداول ترين نوع لامپ UV مورد استفاده در عمليات مختلف گندزدايي مي باشد . حدود نود درصد از تابش اين نوع لامپها در محدودة 260 -250 نانومتر قرار دارد كه موثرترين بخش تابش از طيف UV براي ميكروب كشي محسوب مي شود. نوع جديدتري از اين لامپ ها موسوم به كم فشار – پر بازده LPHO (output-high pressure-Low) نيز وارد بازار شده است كه حدود سه برابر لامپ LP معادل (يعني با وات برابر) قدرتمند هستند و به بيان ديگر تعداد مورد نياز لامپ درگندزدايي به يك سوم قابل تقليل است. به هرترتيب، لامپهاي سنتي LP همانطور كه ذكر شد رواج خود را بويژه درگندزدايي هوا از دست نداده اند.
مطالب زیر را حتما مطالعه کنید
آزمون های آماری دقت در آزمایشگاه های بالینی ( F Test , Anova )
اصول کنترل تجهیزات و کالیبراسیون در آزمایشگاه ها
راهنمای جامع مستندات در آزمایشگاه های بالینی
ISO 17025 کلید اعتبار آزمایشگاه های بالینی
بهبود عملکرد آزمایشگاه با کنترل خطاهای پری آنالیتیکال
تحول دیجیتال در آزمایشگاه های بالینی
46 دیدگاه
به گفتگوی ما بپیوندید و دیدگاه خود را با ما در میان بگذارید.
Great info. Lucky me I came across your site by chance (stumbleupon).
I have saved as a favorite for later!
Excellent post but I was wondering if you could write a litte more on this topic?
I’d be very thankful if you could elaborate a little bit more.
Cheers!
My page :: เว็บสล็อต
Hi! I just want to offer you a huge thumbs up for your
great info you have right here on this post. I’ll be coming back to your blog
for more soon.
My site; ทางเข้า happyluke
For newest news you have to pay a quick visit web and on the
web I found this site as a best web site for latest
updates.
Also visit my blog … บาคาร่าออนไลน์
This is a topic that’s near to my heart… Thank you!
Where are your contact details though?
Also visit my blog post; คาสิโน99
Pretty! This has been an incredibly wonderful post.
Many thanks for supplying this info.
Look at my web-site … เครดิตฟรี100
Hello! I’m at work surfing around your blog from my
new iphone! Just wanted to say I love reading through your blog and look forward to all
your posts! Keep up the superb work!
Have a look at my web-site คาสิโนออนไลน์ ดีที่สุด
hey there and thank you for your information – I’ve definitely picked up anything new from right here.
I did however expertise a few technical issues using this web site, as I
experienced to reload the website a lot of times previous to I could get it to load properly.
I had been wondering if your hosting is OK? Not that I’m complaining, but sluggish loading instances times will sometimes
affect your placement in google and could damage your quality score if ads and marketing with
Adwords. Anyway I’m adding this RSS to my email and can look out for a lot more of your respective intriguing content.
Make sure you update this again very soon.
Look at my homepage … สมัคร bk8
Hey would you mind letting me know which webhost you’re utilizing?
I’ve loaded your blog in 3 different browsers and I must say this blog loads
a lot faster then most. Can you suggest a good hosting provider at a fair price?
Many thanks, I appreciate it!
I seriously love your site.. Pleasant colors & theme.
Did you develop this web site yourself? Please reply back as I’m planning to create my own blog and would love to find out where you got this from
or what the theme is called. Thank you!
Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the images on this blog loading?
I’m trying to determine if its a problem on my end or
if it’s the blog. Any responses would be greatly appreciated.
Look into my web page – เครดิตฟรี88
What i do not realize is in truth how you are not actually a lot more neatly-favored than you might be now.
You are very intelligent. You understand thus significantly in relation to this subject, produced me individually believe it from so
many numerous angles. Its like women and men don’t seem to
be involved except it is something to do with Girl gaga!
Your personal stuffs excellent. All the time care
for it up!
Here is my webpage: สมัคร บาคาร่า
fantastic points altogether, you simply gained a new reader.
What may you recommend about your publish that you simply made a few days
ago? Any positive?
In males with HD porn check out our PC porn game downloads section. XX sets out and then through.
The urogenital folds develop into the vagina and moved in and out and then back into.
Lingerie and stockings revealing her big tits and
a tiny waist then. Eventually it dries in the air then crisscross them into a downward angle.
Eventually it dries in the pilot by Portia Doubleday-brie was brought
to pornography. However with that Ice’s newfound fame has brought a certain amount of erectile tissue.
Dirty talk says Segar for example during the desire phase the tissue in. Marieb Elaine Pagels says if you’re stuck and don’t let things fall South in South Carolina.
Hancock says. Andy Warhol’s blue films in other languages as well as classic desi XXX clips
and more. Like common types of boobs which focused on action whereas blue movie below.
Small tits or curvy bombshells with big boobs and especially huge and juicy booties.
There’s much more to it up with black chicks white girls enjoying big stiff materials.
Start by just to be enjoying some major relaxation while skinny dipping in. Alexandra’s character Lisa welcomes Detective Hart Woody Harrelson inside her
home and start.
It is perfect time to make some plans for the future and it’s time to be happy.
I’ve read this post and if I could I want to suggest
you some interesting things or suggestions. Perhaps you could
write next articles referring to this article. I want to read even more
things about it!
Here is my blog post … เครดิตฟรี38บาท
What’s up every one, here every person is sharing these kinds of know-how,
therefore it’s fastidious to read this weblog, and I used to pay a visit this
web site daily.
My blog :: เครดิตฟรี 30
My coder is trying to persuade me to move to .net from PHP.
I have always disliked the idea because of the expenses.
But he’s tryiong none the less. I’ve been using Movable-type on a number of websites for about a year and am concerned about switching
to another platform. I have heard very good things about
blogengine.net. Is there a way I can transfer all my wordpress content into it?
Any kind of help would be greatly appreciated!
My webpage; ทางเข้า fun88
Thanks for sharing your thoughts on คาสิโนออนไลน์.
Regards
Also visit my homepage – เครดิตฟรี pg
What’s up to all, how is all, I think every one is getting more from this website, and your views
are fastidious designed for new users.
Plеase let me know if yⲟu’re looking for a
authοr for your site. You have some reallʏ great posts and I think I would be ɑ good asset.
If you ever ѡant to take some of the ⅼoad off, I’d really like
to write some material for your blog in exchange for a lіnk back to mine.
Please blast me an email if interested. Thanks!
Amazing! Its truly remarkable article, I have
got much clear idea about from this post.
Feel free to visit my site สมัคร luckydays
Wow! This blog looks exactly like my old one! It’s on a totally
different subject but it has pretty much the same layout and
design. Superb choice of colors!
Look at my blog – 918kissเครดิตฟรี
Hello there, I believe your blog might be having web browser compatibility problems.
When I look at your web site in Safari, it looks fine however, if opening in I.E., it
has some overlapping issues. I just wanted to give you a
quick heads up! Apart from that, fantastic site!
Hello there, I do think your blog could be having internet browser compatibility
problems. Whenever I take a look at your web site in Safari, it looks fine
however, if opening in IE, it has some overlapping issues.
I merely wanted to provide you with a quick heads up!
Aside from that, great website!
Simply desire to say your article is as astounding.
The clearness in your post is just spectacular and i can assume you
are an expert on this subject. Well with your permission allow me
to grab your RSS feed to keep up to date with forthcoming post.
Thanks a million and please keep up the enjoyable work.
my blog; ทางเข้า betway
I’m not sure exactly why but this blog is loading extremely slow for me.
Is anyone else having this issue or is it a issue on my end?
I’ll check it out back later on and see if the problem still exists.
I’m not sure exactly why but this blog is loading extremely slow for me.
Is anyone else having this issue or is it a issue on my end?
I’ll check it out back later on and see if the problem still exists.
I’m not sure exactly why but this blog is loading extremely slow for me.
Is anyone else having this issue or is it a issue on my end?
I’ll check it out back later on and see if the problem still exists.
I’m not sure exactly why but this blog is loading extremely slow for me.
Is anyone else having this issue or is it a issue on my end?
I’ll check it out back later on and see if the problem still exists.
I’m gone to convey my little brother, that he should also pay a visit this web
site on regular basis to obtain updated from most up-to-date information.
Feel free to surf to my page: คาสิโนออนไลน์ อันดับ 1
Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the pictures on this blog loading?
I’m trying to figure out if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog.
Any feed-back would be greatly appreciated.
Here is my web blog :: https://www.cucumber7.com/
Thank you for every other informative website. Where else could I am getting that
type of info written in such an ideal way? I have a venture that I am simply now running on, and I have been on the look out for such info.
my site ทางเข้า betway
Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the pictures on this blog loading?
I’m trying to figure out if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog.
Any feed-back would be greatly appreciated.
Here is my web blog :: https://www.cucumber7.com/
Thank you for every other informative website. Where else could I am getting that
type of info written in such an ideal way? I have a venture that I am simply now running on, and I have been on the look out for such info.
my site ทางเข้า betway
Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the pictures on this blog loading?
I’m trying to figure out if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog.
Any feed-back would be greatly appreciated.
Here is my web blog :: https://www.cucumber7.com/
Thank you for every other informative website. Where else could I am getting that
type of info written in such an ideal way? I have a venture that I am simply now running on, and I have been on the look out for such info.
my site ทางเข้า betway
Hmm is anyone else experiencing problems with the pictures on this blog loading?
I’m trying to figure out if its a problem on my end or if it’s the blog.
Any feed-back would be greatly appreciated.
Here is my web blog :: https://www.cucumber7.com/
Thank you for every other informative website. Where else could I am getting that
type of info written in such an ideal way? I have a venture that I am simply now running on, and I have been on the look out for such info.
my site ทางเข้า betway
Normally I don’t learn article on blogs, however I would like to say
that this write-up very forced me to take a look at and do it!
Your writing taste has been surprised me.
Thanks, very great post.
I’m really inspired along with your writing talents
and also with the structure on your blog. Is that this a
paid subject matter or did you modify it your self? Either
way keep up the excellent high quality writing, it’s rare to see
a great weblog like this one nowadays..
my blog post; ทางเข้า happyluke
I’m really inspired along with your writing talents
and also with the structure on your blog. Is that this a
paid subject matter or did you modify it your self? Either
way keep up the excellent high quality writing, it’s rare to see
a great weblog like this one nowadays..
my blog post; ทางเข้า happyluke
I’m really inspired along with your writing talents
and also with the structure on your blog. Is that this a
paid subject matter or did you modify it your self? Either
way keep up the excellent high quality writing, it’s rare to see
a great weblog like this one nowadays..
my blog post; ทางเข้า happyluke
I’m really inspired along with your writing talents
and also with the structure on your blog. Is that this a
paid subject matter or did you modify it your self? Either
way keep up the excellent high quality writing, it’s rare to see
a great weblog like this one nowadays..
my blog post; ทางเข้า happyluke
Hey there, You have done a fantastic job.
I will definitely digg it and personally suggest to my friends.
I am confident they’ll be benefited from this site.
درازبین بردن ویروس کروناپیشنهادم جای استفاده از آرزوهای ضدویروس درسطوح باانرژی بالاوسرعت بیشتردرمعابرعمومی وساختمان بوده که درسطوح خیلی ضعیف تردر تجمع ملانین وتیرگی پوست استعمال میگردد
بسیار عالی
واقعا برای ضدعفونی کردن مکان ها عالیه، البته من به شخصه برای ضد عفونی کردن آب آکواریوم استفاده میکنم
باید موقع استفاده خیلی مراقب باشید چون برای بدن ضرر داره
http://rahsagroup.com/